Since your web browser does not support JavaScript, here is a non-JavaScript version of the image slideshow: Multiple ospC clones infecting single ticks Reverse line blotting assay of ospC variation. Oligonucleotide probes specific for ospC major groups (MG-A to MG-N, and OC-All, a probe for all ospC alleles) were UV fixed on the membrane in horizontal lines. Samples of fluorescein-labeled PCR amplicons were applied vertically to the probe lines. Samples include, on the right, PCR products amplified from cloned ospC genes, used as controls for probe specificity. PCR products amplified from individual Borrelia-infected ticks (NY1, from Millbrook, New York, 1998) were shown on the left of the membrane, one tick per vertical channel. Intron gain through phylogeny A graphical means to display probabilities of binary states on a phylogenetic tree. At left is shown a phylogenetic tree for six genes (A to F), next to a column indicating the presence or absence of an intron. At right is a figure with the same information displayed on Cartesian coordinates, including the tree topology, the branch lengths (in the horizontal dimension), and the presence and absence of introns in extant genes, represented in the vertical dimension. The terminal nodes representing genes A and B are positioned at Y = 1 to indicate that the intron is present, and the remaining terminal nodes are at Y = 0. Internal nodes can be positioned so that the vertical position represents the probability that the intron was present in the given ancestor. Thus, each branch has a vertical component that represents the change in probability of presence of the intron: the larger the change, the greater the chance that an event of gain or loss occurred on that branch Intron gain through phylogeny A graphical means to display probabilities of binary states on a phylogenetic tree. At left is shown a phylogenetic tree for six genes (A to F), next to a column indicating the presence or absence of an intron. At right is a figure with the same information displayed on Cartesian coordinates, including the tree topology, the branch lengths (in the horizontal dimension), and the presence and absence of introns in extant genes, represented in the vertical dimension. The terminal nodes representing genes A and B are positioned at Y = 1 to indicate that the intron is present, and the remaining terminal nodes are at Y = 0. Internal nodes can be positioned so that the vertical position represents the probability that the intron was present in the given ancestor. Thus, each branch has a vertical component that represents the change in probability of presence of the intron: the larger the change, the greater the chance that an event of gain or loss occurred on that branch MLST of Lyme bacteria Multilocus sequence types of the three genomes and 18 clinical isolates. For each gene (column), colors represent various major-group alleles. Blank spaces indicate that data were not obtained because of either a lack of amplification or multiple amplicons in PCR. Isolates of the same ospC types (labeled on the right) share alleles across all surveyed loci except at loci enclosed in the red boxes, to which divergent alleles were introduced by recent genetic exchange.
Multiple ospC clones infecting single ticks Reverse line blotting assay of ospC variation. Oligonucleotide probes specific for ospC major groups (MG-A to MG-N, and OC-All, a probe for all ospC alleles) were UV fixed on the membrane in horizontal lines. Samples of fluorescein-labeled PCR amplicons were applied vertically to the probe lines. Samples include, on the right, PCR products amplified from cloned ospC genes, used as controls for probe specificity. PCR products amplified from individual Borrelia-infected ticks (NY1, from Millbrook, New York, 1998) were shown on the left of the membrane, one tick per vertical channel.
Intron gain through phylogeny A graphical means to display probabilities of binary states on a phylogenetic tree. At left is shown a phylogenetic tree for six genes (A to F), next to a column indicating the presence or absence of an intron. At right is a figure with the same information displayed on Cartesian coordinates, including the tree topology, the branch lengths (in the horizontal dimension), and the presence and absence of introns in extant genes, represented in the vertical dimension. The terminal nodes representing genes A and B are positioned at Y = 1 to indicate that the intron is present, and the remaining terminal nodes are at Y = 0. Internal nodes can be positioned so that the vertical position represents the probability that the intron was present in the given ancestor. Thus, each branch has a vertical component that represents the change in probability of presence of the intron: the larger the change, the greater the chance that an event of gain or loss occurred on that branch
MLST of Lyme bacteria Multilocus sequence types of the three genomes and 18 clinical isolates. For each gene (column), colors represent various major-group alleles. Blank spaces indicate that data were not obtained because of either a lack of amplification or multiple amplicons in PCR. Isolates of the same ospC types (labeled on the right) share alleles across all surveyed loci except at loci enclosed in the red boxes, to which divergent alleles were introduced by recent genetic exchange.
